Showing posts with label existentialism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label existentialism. Show all posts

Saturday, March 19, 2022

No Exit


 
When it rains, it pours.

Especially if you're the one accidentally seeding the clouds.




I was in a bit of a rush last week. I was in the process of buying a car, which necessitated the running of all kinds of errands. That, along with a full-time job, left little time to work on this blog, and I really just should have taken a break from it, but couldn't. Shadow of a Doubt is a major creative outlet for me, and an existential one as well. I'm not much of an existentialist in my personal life or my work life. I'm more of a reluctant determinist. Or maybe just a third-rate actor reading from a script titled Perfunctory Etiquette. Life outside this blog involves compromise, self-restraint, tact, and socialized behavior in general, all necessary ingredients for a functioning society, but not always nourishing for the soul. Neither is doing what you have to do to keep from being economically disenfranchised or systematically marked for, if not destruction, then at least capitalistic irrelevance. Writing about a 1960s sitcom or a 1950s comic strip or a 1930s musical may seem rather trivial to you, but it's a much less angst-filled experience than trying to get a rusted license plate off a car or driving along a busy thoroughfare looking for the Bureau of Motor Vehicles, which ends up being on a side road anyway. As Jean-Paul Sartre once said, "Hell is other people", especially if there's about ten of them standing in line in front of you waiting to get their auto registration. Intent on not letting an absurd universe keep me from my blog, I carved out some time to work on it, and work fast on it. Too fast, as it turned out.





 

Existentialist-wannabe that I am, I often look for examples of existentialist behavior in the creative types I regularly write about. I was going to do a post last week on the actor Will Geer, best known for playing the high-spirited grandfather on The Waltons. Geer led a fascinating life. He was a folk singer as well as an actor, and in the 1930s ran in the same circles as Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger. Now, if you know anything about Guthrie's and Seeger's politics, politics that Geer wholeheartedly shared, then you won't be surprised to learn that the future Grandpa Walton spent much of the 1950s on the Hollywood blacklist. Then there's Geer's personal life. 12 years after the actor's death in 1979, it was reported that Harry Hay, founder of the Mattachine Society, a pre-Stonewall LGBTQ group, had once been a former lover of Geer's. This relationship began in 1934, the same year Geer married actress Herta Ware, with whom he had three children. This for me made Geer even more fascinating, and I was quite eager to include the information in my post. The problem came when I tried to elaborate on this same-sex relationship. How long did this love affair last? When did it end? Did Geer's wife know about it? For that matter, Hay himself for a while had a wife--did she know about it? The relationship first came to light in a 1990 biography titled The Trouble with Harry Hay: Founder of the Modern Gay Movement by Stuart Timmons. I went to Google Books, but while Timmon's book is listed, no excerpts are provided. Elsewhere online I was able to glean a bit more on the Geer-Hay romance, though only from Hay's point of view. Originally an actor, Hay met Geer when both were in a play in Los Angeles. Hay at the time was apolitical, but not once he hooked up with Geer, who got him involved in all kinds of radical causes, so much so that the two thespians spent more time in picket lines than onstage. They helped organize dock workers, maritime workers, agricultural workers. Soon a thought occurred to Hay. Why not organize homosexuals? All told it took about 15 years and the publication of Alfred Kinsey's Sexual Behavior in the Human Male before Hay felt confident enough to do so. 1950 finally saw the formation of the Mattachine Society, which, in its various incarnations, had a good 20-year run, and laid the groundwork for the modern LGBTQ movement. And all because Harry Hay and Will Geer were an item.


Except Will Geer and Harry Hay were no longer an item in 1950, their relationship not having outlasted the Great Depression (the same time setting as The Waltons) Now, Geer was very proud of his radical past and that he had refused to name names when asked to by the House Un-American Activities Committee. He didn't just spend the subsequent blacklist-induced years of unemployment moping around but instead established an artist's colony for others (including Woody Guthrie) who had run afoul of the HUAC on land he owned in Southern California's rural Topanga Canyon. I know it sounds a bit corny, but it's said that when Geer was on his death bed, his ex-wife, his three grown children, and several grandchildren sang Guthrie's "This Land Is Your Land" to the actor as he took leave of consciousness. Yet there was a limit to Geer's social activism and that was gay rights, the one (at the time) radical cause he was, in light of Hay's revelation, conspicuously silent about. It was not my intent a week ago and it's not my intent now to pass judgement on that silence. Geer was 70 years old when TV stardom came his way. He had had enough controversy by then. Existence may precede essence, but essence has a way of catching up. And was Geer even gay or bi in the first place? Harry Hay is the only male to have ever gone on record as having had sex with Geer, and as I said before, not until 12 years after the latter's folk musical demise. That Hay's claim has gained relatively widespread acceptance in the years since makes me suspect that a lot of males have gone off the record about their own trysts with Geer, but I don't know that for a fact. And suppose Hay was the only one? I don't believe gay urges are temporary, they're there in youth as well as old age. If anything is deterministic it's that. But Geer wouldn't necessarily had to have acted upon those urges. Why does any of this matter? Well, I wanted to use Will Geer as a prime example of the artist-as-existentialist (whether he saw himself that way or not), but his personal life becomes nonexistent after he divorced Herta in 1954. Of course, I could just ignore his personal life as I did when I wrote about Charles Nelson Reilly. Had Geer's 1930s affair been with George Cukor or Christopher Isherwood, I would have. But Harry Hay has credited Geer with his political awakening, a political awakening that led to a major social movement, and that was too intriguing for me to pass up. I just wanted something from Geer's own point of view on the subject, and I couldn't find it.



Also, I needed to get that license plate off. A whole can of WD-40 and that damn bolt still wouldn't budge. I'd have to take it to the garage. 

So I put the Will Geer post away for some other time. I guess you could say that some other time was a week and a half later, today, and you just read it. But you see, here it's meant to be just a prologue, a sorry example of my boneheaded perfectionism. Because the rest of this post has very little to do with Geer or Harry Hay. Instead, it might as well be subtitled...


...How I Fucked Up My Own Blog.



  So I decided to do a post on the beginning of Daylight Savings Time instead, which at the time was still a few days off. Not that I was going wait. I was going to get that post done tonight. I very quickly gathered up a trio of YouTube videos on the subject, came up with a title, some prose to introduce each video, and--viola!--I was done. Now, I even though I got it done that night, I wasn't going to post that night. I would just leave it in draft until the 13th.


Now, those of you with blogs of your own know that you can date the premier of your posts far in advance, but I rarely do that. I like to be able to tinker with it right up to the end if I can.


 

Sometimes it's a finger, sometimes it's an arrow. Most of the time I don't care what it is, as long as it guides me to wherever I want to go on a screen.


Now this intricate piece of machinery DOES care whether it's an arrow or a finger.





If I choose the red--er, box on the left...


...I get this, seen by me and nobody else. Take note of the word in the upper-left-hand corner.


Same as this word, and that's the word I was trying to click. But I was moving that arrow or finger or whatever it is so furiously on the screen...


...that I clicked this instead.


Now the mistake is easy to fix, and fix it I immediately did.


However, there was a problem. The name of this blog appears in a number of blogrolls, such as the one above, and that pleases me. You'll note a post I did four months ago. Click on the title, and you'll get...



 
...that post naturally enough. However, were I to... 


...and then go back to that blogroll....


...it's still there! However, were I actually to click the title of that post, you wouldn't get that post, but instead this message...

The post you are looking for does not exist.

This has happened to me in the past, and I've always just shrugged it off. So someone clicks it on and wonders what the heck is going on. I don't know if it was the stress of buying a car or going to work or trying to get off a rusty license plate, but this time it really...


...pissed me off. I was determined to get that title of the rescinded post off other people's blogrolls. Remember "Speaking Pravda to Putin", that post I did on Ukraine? I reverted it back to draft and then timed it to come back on a week later, the very day I accidentally posted the post about Daylight Savings Time. Then I checked people's blogrolls. For some reason it didn't take. So I decided to copy the Ukraine post and repost it that way. Still didn't take. I kept going back-and-forth, and I'm not sure exactly how I did this but...




...this got clicked on. "Speaking Pravda to Putin" was no more.

So now I was determined to get that back.


As you can see, there's no shortage of advice on how to restore a deleted post. If I only understood what they were trying to tell me. It's all so technical


Somehow I was led to this feature on the "Settings" page. What could it hurt to turn it on?

Well, "Speaking Pravda to Putin" never showed up. Instead...




...every single post I've done since 2008 was duplicated. Two of every "Quips and Quotations." Two of every "Vital Viewing." Two of every "Graphic Grandeur." 14 years of blogging had had become 28 years with just a flick of a cyberswitch! Oh, now I was truly in existential hell.


As it turned out there was a fairly easy, if somewhat time-consuming way, to get rid of all those duplicates.



On the dashboard page with all the posts, each duplicate alternated with the original. All I had to do was scroll down, check one off, and mark the other for deletion. I kept the tops and got rid of the bottoms, thinking it wouldn't make a difference. I was all the way to 2018 when I felt the need to go to the bathroom. Before I did, I clicked on the trash can, and four years of check marked boxes disappeared. It was when I came back that I realized my mistake (as if I hadn't made enough of those already.)


See all those zeros?  It means those particular posts got no comments. Except that those posts DID get comments. The posts were cloned, but not the comment sections. Only the originals had the original comments. And those were bottom posts, the one I had marked for destruction. Four years of comments were gone!


I was devastated. I don't know about anywhere else, but when it comes to the Shadow of a Doubt comment section, Heaven is other people. I value your comments, and take them very seriously. I don't always respond to them right away, because I want to think carefully about how I'm going to respond. Now due to my haste and stupidity, the blog had undergone a virtual vivisection.



Fortunately, the comments weren't completely wiped out. They still exist on one of the dashboard pages. Now I've to get them on the duplicate posts, no simple task.


 
It may change once I get this posted, but as I write this it's still in draft, and that means the posts on this particular page starts at the top with "Error" and ends at the bottom with "Under the Radar: Dick Miller". With the exception of "Error" (in which case I had glumly turned off the commenting), I restored everything you folks have contributed going back to January 30, 2002, not a huge length of time I admit. What I've done is copied the comments and pasted them in whatever post they were in originally, and then added your names. I was pleasantly surprised to find out that I could still link your names back to your blogs, so that if you click on Andrew, that takes you to High Riser, and Mike gets you Billions of Versions of Normal. I couldn't do anything about when these comments were dated. If Shady Dell Knight, Debra She Who Seeks, or Mistress Maddie left comments on January 30, it's now recorded as having been put there March 13, when I added them again. Your profile photos, those little pictures next to your comments, are also absent. So there's no Parnassus landscape, no Moving with Mitchell's smiling face, no Jenny Woolf's cat in a bonnet. Sorry. However, if you really do want that picture next to your words, all you have to do is copy those words, paste them into the comment box and--presto!--there's your picture. I'll then remove the duplicate.

I hope to eventually restore every comment going back to 2018, but it's going to take a while. In the meantime, if there's a particular comment that you left that you cherish, let me know and I'll see if I can put it on the fast-track.


As for that license plate, the guy at the garage couldn't get it off either, at least not with a wrench or pliers. The bolts had to be drilled off. The plate now rests not too far where I'm now typing. I may keep it. That way the next time I make a stupid mistake, I can hit myself over the head with it. That may be even more existential than working on a blog.











Monday, August 31, 2015

Strange New World Just Ahead, or: How to Make a Vulcan Feel at Home (Part 8 of 15)

8. Lights! Camera! Existentialism! 


Alexander Graham Bell. Invented the telephone 90 years before Star Trek first went on the air.


Thomas Edison. Invented the incandescent light bulb 87 years before Star Trek first went on the air.


Orville and Wilbur Wright. Invented the airplane 63 years before Star Trek first went on the air.


Charlie Chaplin. Produced, directed, wrote, and starred in the motion picture Modern Times 30 years before Star Trek first went on the air.


Speaking of motion pictures, here's an early ad for the first one based on Star Trek, an ad that was quickly rescinded. Note that it says "23rd century". The original series didn't necessarily take place in the 23rd century. Nor did it necessarily NOT not take place in the 23rd century. The TV show never exactly said when it took place, you were supposed to just assume "the future", that's all. The series hinted at times, but those hints were contradictory. In the time travel episode "Tomorrow is Yesterday", a 1967 Air Force Lieutenant, believing him to be a spy, threatens to lock Kirk up for 200 years, to which the starship captain replies, "That ought to be about right." Doing the math, that also ought to be the 22nd, and not the 23rd, century. In "The Squire of Gothos", the title alien, unaware the time it takes light to travel in space, believes Earth is still in the late 18th-early 19th century, or "900 hundred years past" according to Kirk, meaning the show should then take place in the 27th century. In the 1968 best-seller The Making of Star Trek by Stephen E. Whitfield (that a show on the verge of cancellation nonetheless could inspire a best-selling book demonstrates the cult-like following the series had during its original run) Gene Roddenberry is quoted as saying the Enterprise's five-year mission could take place as late as 1000 years in the future, or as early as 1999 (at the time three decades away, but still.) The trick, I think, is that you need it far enough in the future to account for things like interstellar space travel and molecular disassembly and reassembly ("Beam me up, Scotty") but not so far into the future that humans have evolved into floating brains (or, if you believe Kurt Vonnegut's Galapagos, dolphins.) Somehow, someone settled on the 23rd century for the first film, except that date is never actually mentioned in the film itself, just the early ad campaign for it, which the producers then backed off of. Still, 300 years in the future sounded like it might be right. The date stuck.


 The Manhattan Project. 21 years before Star Trek first went on the air.



ENIAC. 20 years before Star Trek first went on the air.



Sputnik. 9 years before Star Trek first went on the air.


23rd century or whenever, Star Trek obviously takes place in a technologically advanced future. But to what extent do the characters think of that era as advanced? After all, technology is relative. Look at today. The Internet. Smart phones. GPS tracking. It's all beginning to make an era I once thought of as ultra-modern, and technologically advanced in its own right, the 1970s of my youth, seem vaguely quaint. Does Polaroid still make those cameras where the picture develops right before your eyes? Does Polaroid make anything anymore? In 1889, the 19th century seemed like such a age of marvels to Mark Twain that he was inspired to write A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, in which the title character introduces the steam engine, gas lights, and the telegraph to the Middle Ages. 90 years later, Disney made a movie of Twain's novel titled Unidentified Flying Oddball. Except by 1979, 1889 seemed a little too much like the Middle Ages for the contrast to resonate much, so the title character was updated to a NASA astronaut (who still may have been from Connecticut for all I know.)  In between, there's the 1949 Bing Crosby version, which retained Twain's original title. Yet there's a curious bit of updating there, too. Instead of 1889 or 1949, that movie takes place in 1912. Why? Crosby plays an auto mechanic, a profession largely unknown in 1889.  23 years later, however, there were 500,000 automobiles on American roads, and presumably they occasionally broke down and you needed mechanics to repair them. 22% percent of those autos were the increasingly affordable and increasingly popular Model T Fords. But not nearly as affordable and popular as they would become in 1913. That year, Henry Ford had a moving assembly line installed in his Highland Park, Michigan plant. Moving assembly lines had been around for a while, but usually for simple things like putting sardines in cans. Oldsmobile had tried it with cars first, but still charged wealthy consumers through their turned-up noses, and so most Americans stuck to horses or their own two legs. Ford, who realized you could make more money by selling something cheap to a modest-income majority than something expensive to a well-heeled minority, was by the mid-1910s spitting out Model T's, displacing both the horse and the people of the world's own two feet, and turning the entire planet into the Indianapolis 500. Writer Aldous Huxley was so impressed--as well as alarmed and repulsed--by Henry Ford's achievement, that he set his 1931 dystopian novel Brave New World in 632 A.F.--"After Ford". Huxley was still alive in 1961 when Disney came out with The Absent-Minded Professor. In that decidedly non-dystopian film, the title character played by Fred MacMurray is kidded by friends and acquaintances for "still driving that old Model T." It seems no matter how stunning the technological development, something soon comes along to render it trite (which reminds me, I need to replace my cell phone.)

Star Trek, during its original run, examined both sides of this dichotomy. There are times where the characters do see themselves as technologically advanced. In "The Conscience of the King" a Shakespearean actor tells Kirk, "Here you stand, the perfect symbol of our technical society. Mechanized, electronicised, and not very human. You've done away with humanity, the striving of man to achieve greatness through his own resources." In "Errand of Mercy" Kirk himself says "We think of ourselves as the most powerful beings in the universe..." There are even Luddites in the future. In "The Way to Eden" Spock explains the goals of Dr. Sevrin and his followers: "There are many who are uncomfortable with what we have created. It is almost a biological rebellion--a profound revulsion against the planned communities, the programming, the sterilized, artfully balanced atmospheres. They hunger for an Eden--where spring comes." Yet there's also a surprising number of episodes where Kirk and co. encounter societies that are even more technologically advanced, or else they've given themselves over to technology to such an extent they make the crew of the Enterprise look Amish, almost always to ill effect. In "Return of the Archons" and "The Apple" computers set themselves up as gods to intellectually-stunted populations. In "A Taste of Armageddon" two planets wage a 500-year war via computer simulation, but the casualties are real. The title contraption in "The Doomsday Machine" munches on planets. As for "Mudd's Planet", a bunch of stubborn androids rule there. A scientist programs his personality into "The Ultimate Computer" and people die as a result. Some personality. A spaceship posing as a planet is set to collide into the real thing in "For the World is Hollow and I Have Touched the Sky". In all of these episodes, the technological evil is defeated, and the crew of the Enterprise returns to their normal lives of interstellar travel and molecule-dispersing transporters. Now with this new film version of Star Trek, ultra-modern 1970s special effects would be put to use in telling yet another story about advanced technology. Whether this advanced technology was evil or not would all depend on who, or what, was asking the question.



Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979) A giant space cloud destroys three Klingon warships, but not before we get to see the Federation's longtime foes with a new cool backbone-leading-to-top-of-the-nose appearance (in the original series they merely had bushy eyebrows and swarthy complexions.) The cloud is now headed for Earth, and Admiral Kirk, stuck in a desk job for the last couple of years, uses the existential threat as an excuse to get back in the Captain's chair of a newly re-fitted Enterprise, putting him at odds with the new captain, but now First Officer Willard Decker (the son of a character who appeared in the original series episode "The Doomsday Machine".) Scotty, Uhura, Sulu, Chekov (now weapons officer), Rand (now a transporter chief) and Chapel (now a doctor) are still part of the crew, but McCoy and Spock have apparently left Starfleet. Kirk has the former (briefly seen with a beard) recommissioned and dragooned back to the Enterprise quite against his will. As for the latter, he's back on Vulcan undergoing a ritual to purge all his emotions when he senses the presence of the space cloud and decides to put the expurgation on hold, once again returning to his old ship as Science Officer, though he's even more aloof than before. And so the Enterprise takes off to battle, or at least reason, with the cloud. Problem is, there's still a few bugs in the refitted Enterprise, as witnessed by a couple of crew members who melt or something while being beamed aboard. A second problem is Kirk's not familiar with all the changes done to his ship, and in fact almost gets everybody killed a couple times, saved only by Decker, who's then reprimanded by the new/old captain for "competing" with him. The Kirk-Decker feud basically falls in the background once the Enterprise catches up with the space cloud. Or the space cloud catches up with the Enterprise. A shiny probe appears on the bridge and abducts the ship's new navigator (and Decker's old flame) Ilia. She's either replaced, combined with, or turned into the probe who wants to know why there are so many "carbon units infesting" the Enterprise. Spock notices the probe is partial to Decker, suggesting it has retained some of Ilia's memories. Decker is assigned the task of wooing Ilia all over again, but to no avail. All she cares about is finding her "Creator" and feels the carbon forms on the Enterprise, and eventually on Earth as well are just getting in the way. Spock has some success mind-melding with the cloud, finding out it has a name: V'Ger. Quite on his own, Spock decides to get a closer look at this cloud. He nerve-pinches a guard, suits up, and spacewalks right into the heart of the thing, where he sees hundreds of planets and stars and the like. Upon his return, and after resting up in sick bay as the experience almost killed him, Spock reveals that in the heart of the cloud is a 20th century Voyager probe that's been missing for 300 years (NASA really did send up several spacecraft with that name though this particular one is fictional.) Seems it disappeared into a black hole only to end up on some planet populated by living machines. Sent back out to learn all there is to learn, it now wants to find its creator. V'Ger shows its bias by refusing to believe that the creator might be a carbon unit (the good people at NASA) rather than a machine. Unfortunately, not only is there no longer a NASA in the 23rd-or-whenever century, all of the computer codes that could be used to contact V'Ger have disappeared, too. The Earth defenses have now been rendered useless by the up-fitted probe, every man, woman, and child (as well as plants and animals) in mortal danger. Somehow this problem is solved when Decker--through one helluva whiz-bang light show--merges with the Ilia/probe, and they jointly merge with V'Ger, hurtling all three into some other dimension. Everything now back to normal, Scotty offers to return Spock to Vulcan, but he's gotten such an epiphany from the whole experience (even shedding tears at one point) that he's decided there's nothing left for him there.

A nice try. That's my opinion of this film. Costing $44 million dollars (adjusted for inflation, today it would be...well, I have no idea but even not adjusted for inflation I could still buy a lot of pizzas with it) this film should at the very least be nice. Robert Wise, who had his biggest hit was The Sound of Music but whose science fiction cred rests with the 1951 classic The Day the Earth Stood Still, directed this in an impressionistic style that enhances the sense of wonder we've come to expect from Star Trek. The special effects are more than nice, they're FANTASTIC, but that may be part of the problem. Trek has never been solely about the wonder (it couldn't be, given the original series shoestring budget) but also the people doing the wondering. Everything is so grand (including a San Francisco of the future) that it's hard not to blame V'Ger for wanting to eliminate the carbon units. They get in the way of the sheer spectacle. Except for the antiseptic interiors of the Enterprise. The whole ship now looks like Sick Bay. The new uniforms are either light blue or light beige, darker, gaudier hues having been banned. The old series, for all its high-mindedness, had at least a flirting relationship with the pulpier forms of sci-fi. Whereas this new version has sworn off trolling for tramps in a trailer park, married a nice girl with impeccable (if a tad austere) taste in fashion and furniture, and moved to the suburbs.

Even if they're overwhelmed at times by all the pyrotechnics, the actors all do good work. As a newcomer to Star Trek, Stephen Collins sometimes seems unsure exactly how he fits it with this crowd, but then that's pretty much the whole point of his character, Williard Decker. Collins is at his best in his scenes with Bollywood actress Persis Khambatta, who's both Ilia and the probe-that-looks-like-Ilia. She does a nice job playing two characters who occasionally are one and the same. However, keeping with the TV show (as well as pulpier forms of sci-fi) she's also this movie's sex symbol, but with a twist. Beautiful, nubile, with a great pair of gams--except she's bald! For all its highfalutin philosophy, this is the film at its most provocative. The feminine form literally topped by something our culture considers anything but feminine. The movie dares you to not find her attractive, challenges you not to be turned on. The kind of erotic contrariness that Lady Gaga knows all too well. Or Sinead O'Conner, who obviously looks more the part. Who knows? Maybe O'Conner caught this film back in '79 and was inspired by it. As for the cast from the TV version, they've all settled back into their old roles as if the original series had just gone off the air the day before. In fact, Barret, Doohan, Koenig, Nichols, and Takai, as, respectively, Chapel, Scotty, Chekov, Uhura, and Sulu, have about as much to do in this movie as they did in the TV show. In the first half-season in which she appeared, Grace Lee Whitney--Janice Rand--actually did have more to do than those other players. As James T. Kirk's incipient love interest, she was the focal point of several early episodes. Now just seen briefly as the frazzled transporter chief, the interest seems never to have gotten past the incipient stage. William Shatner is good as Kirk. His acting style is often made fun of, but I thought the fits and starts and even the occasional sputtering of the Enterprise captain as a not unrealistic response to the dangers he faced on a regular basis. Being chased by a different monster every week could make anyone appear bipolar. At least in this film Shatner has an extra hour to pace himself. He's a more conflicted character here, with a bit of melancholia about him in his desire to be relevant, a desire that possibly exceeds the need for his particular brand of relevancy. All of which, of course, makes him a more sympathetic character. When Kirk tells Decker not to compete with him, we know he's wrong (as Decker has just saved the day) yet our heart goes out to him all the same. Since he neither figures out what V'Ger is all about nor makes the sacrifice/physical transformation that sends the space cloud on its computer programmed way, Kirk is a surprisingly passive figure here, though his "thataway" that ends the film signals a determination to propel the narrative (as he noisily will in several succeeding films.) Now, every transcendent science fiction epic needs an Everyman. 2001: A Space Odyssey had Dave Bowman (Keir Dullea). Close Encounters of the Third Kind had Roy Neary (Richard Dreyfuss). Star Trek: The Motion Picture has...Dr. Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley)! Except whereas Bowman and Neary were in awe of the wondrous things of which they bore witness, McCoy is as always annoyed and unsettled and eager to escape from anything that doesn't smack of the familiar. Consequently, Kelley has some of the best, certainly the funniest lines in the movie. When, after a near-disaster, Chekov informs him there are no casualties, McCoy replies, "Wrong, Mr. Chekov, there are casualties. My wits! As in, frightened out of!" When Spock suggests Ilia/V'Ger probe be treated as a child, McCoy's response: "Spock, this child is about to wipe out every living thing on Earth. Now, what do you suggest we do? Spank it?!" In his own cantankerous way, McCoy is even more logical than Spock.

And what of Spock?


 I think, therefore I am.

--René Descartes


One might compare the relation of the ego to the id with that between a rider and his horse. The horse provides the locomotor energy, and the rider has the prerogative of determining the goal and of guiding the movements of his powerful mount towards it. But all too often in the relations between the ego and the id we find a picture of the less ideal situation in which the rider is obliged to guide his horse in the direction in which it itself wants to go.

--Sigmund Freud


What is meant here by saying that existence precedes essence? It means first of all, man exists, turns up, appears on the scene, and, only afterwards, defines himself. If man, as the existentialist conceives him, is indefinable, it is because at first he is nothing. Only afterward will he be something, and he himself will have made what he will be.

--Jean-Paul Sartre.


There are times when all the world's asleep,
The questions run too deep
For such a simple man.
Won't you please, please tell me what we've learned
I know it sounds absurd
But please tell me who I am.


--Supertramp

Leonard Nimoy's performance is really at the heart of this film. I said in an earlier installment that of all the Enterprise crew members that we're aware of, Spock is the most open-minded, the most tolerant toward life-forms other than his own. The one exception is the human race, which he finds constant fault with: "Curious how often you Humans manage to obtain that which you do not want." "Your whole Earth history is made up of men seeking absolute power." At the end of "Mirror, Mirror" when asked what he thought of the parallel universe versions of Kirk, McCoy, Scotty, and Uhura, Spock replies: "...I had the opportunity to observe your counterparts here quite closely. They were brutal, savage, unprincipled, uncivilized, treacherous, in every way, splendid examples of homo sapiens, the very flower of humanity." You can argue Spock's every bit as bigoted as McCoy, except toward those who ears happen to be rounded. Remember, though, as a Vulcan he's outnumbered 7 to 1 among the Enterprise crew members we see most often. The extras and one-shot characters seem to be human, too, so it's really about 400 to 1. Spock's criticisms are really a survival tool, a way of maintaining his sense of self in what to him is an alien culture: "Doctor, I am well aware of human characteristics. I am frequently inundated by them, but I've trained myself to put up with practically everything."  My theory is that the inundation finally gets to Spock. So he parts company with what he sees as a starship full of Stanley Kowalskis and returns to Vulcan to undergo "kolinahr", the expurgation (suppression?) of emotions to get that sense of self back. 

Problem is, having been inundated in another environment for the past five years, he can now see Vulcan from the outside and recognize it for what it is: artifice. A cultural construct. Not necessarily a bad cultural construct. Maybe the best cultural construct around. But it's like if you go off to college or the army (or, in his case, Starfleet) and return home, that home is never quite the same, even if nothing's changed, because it is YOU that have changed. Your horizons have been expanded. Spock probably could commiserate with the three returning servicemen (actors Harold Russell, Dana Andrews, and Fredric March) in the 1946 film The Best Years of Our Lives. Their horizons expanded to an often horrific degree thanks to World War II, they're met with indifference, bafflement, and impatient pleas to just "snap out of it" by the folks at home. Spock, of course, has seen his share of horrors as a Starfleet officer, but even when a particular adventure has been more "fascinating" than lethal, it could still be beyond the ken of the average non-spacefaring Vulcan, who, whenever we're allowed to glimpse one, seems more interested in paganish ritual of the meditative sort and little else.  So what's a returning serviceman, be he from Earth or Vulcan, to do? Well, you can once again take leave of the place, as Dana Andrews attempts to do toward the end of TBYOOL. Or you can take to drink, Fredric March's solution. Or you can do your best to fit in. Harold Russell's personal best is marriage to his childhood sweetheart. Spock's already tried that and it didn't work out too well ("Amok Time") so he opts for kolinahr. If anyone's going to meet Spock's newly expanded horizons with indifference, it might as well be Spock himself. Bye, bye, emotions.

Except V'ger is hardly indifferent. Spock senses it way out in space and the Vulcan elders don't. Think they'd be a bit jealous of Spock's unique ability, but jealousy is an emotion and that would be illogical. Really, though, why is Spock able to do that? Just as the half-human, half-Vulcan is now too self-conscious to be completely comfortable in his own homeland, apparently (as it will soon be revealed) the half-NASA, half-alien V'Ger is going through its own identity crises. So Spock returns to Kirk and co. Not that he's any more comfortable doing that. He's now a returning serviceman reluctantly returned to service. Spock may be newly-aware of Vulcan as a cultural construct, but he's always felt that way about the Enterprise. I'm thinking here of the scene where, shortly after arriving at his former workplace, Spock, Kirk, and McCoy adjourn to a side room designed in Danish Modern (well, it'd be retro to those three.) Standing erect as a flagpole, Spock's discomfort is palpable as Kirk urges him to sit down. When he finally does, it's the most awkward acquiescence to a request I've ever seen.  McCoy, of course, is ready with a wisecrack: "Spock, you haven't changed a bit. You're just as warm and sociable as ever." Spock, of course, has a good comeback: "Nor have you, doctor, as your continued predilection for irrelevancy demonstrates." But, unlike every other instance, he takes no satisfaction on getting a good one off the doctor. Indeed, it's a bit of a chore, the comeback slowly oozing out his mouth like the last bit of ketchup out of a bottle. Now, let's jump ahead to just after Spock's spacewalk into the heart of V'Ger, when he ends up in Sick Bay. Clasping Kirk's hand, he says:  "I saw V'Ger's planet, a planet populated by living machines. Unbelievable technology. V'Ger has knowledge that spans this universe. And, yet, with all this pure logic, V'Ger is barren, cold, no mystery, no beauty. I should have known [...] This simple feeling [clasping Kirk's hand] is beyond V'Ger's comprehension. No meaning, no hope, and, Jim, no answers. 'Is this all I am? Is there nothing more?'"  Spock is obviously dismayed by this lack of beauty and mystery and the simple act of clasping a hand. The question is, why? The obvious answer is that it's Spock's human half that's dismayed. And that his human half is probably equally dismayed at the push for pure logic on his own home planet of Vulcan. I'm sure anywhere from 3% to 10% of you folks out there--the statistics stubbornly refuse to stay put--can probably relate to a biological urge at odds with societal norms. No, I'm not saying that Spock is gay--he gets it on quite readily with both Leila Kalomi (Jill Ireland) in "This Side of Paradise" and Zarabeth (a scantily clad Mariette Hartley) in "All Our Yesterdays", two episodes where his emotions, and possibly his libido, get the best of him--only that his paradoxical genetic makeup could give rise to a similar set of challenges. In that respect, kolinahr can even be seen as a kind of conversion therapy.  Except Spock isn't just dismayed but surprised that there's no beauty or mystery or simple acts of hand clasping on V'Ger's planet. And that surprise makes me think those things indeed must exist on Spock's own home world, albeit in muted form, furthering my belief that Vulcans are really just a bunch of poseurs (as is true of any culture, be it a New Guinea tribe, the Middle East, or the United States of America.) Vulcans aren't machines, they just wish they were machines. With horrifying clarity, Spock has seen just what would happen were that wish ever to come true. That's not to say he's now ready to embrace the violence-ridden, angst-ridden, heartbreak-ridden Earth Human lifestyle, and, in fact, he never does (There's GOT to be some other alternative, he's probably thinking.)



The only real problem with Star Trek: The Motion Picture is it goes on too damn long. At 132 minutes, it's...let me check...it's a whole three minutes longer than the average blockbuster film made in the late '70s. Um, let me amend my first sentence. Star Trek: The Motion Picture SEEMS to go on too damn long. Though the themes may be complex, the actual plot is simple enough. The whole thing could have been told in under an hour, the length of a typical Star Trek episode. In fact, it WAS a Star Trek episode: "The Changeling" from the series second season. The Enterprise receives yet another distress signal (think by now they'd learn to ignore those things given all the trouble they cause) and arrives at a planet that should have a population of four billion but is now devoid of life. Here today, gone tomorrow. The culprit turns out to be a space probe named Nomad, sent from Earth a few centuries earlier. Nomad is much smaller than V'Ger, so much so that it can be beamed aboard the Enterprise. Otherwise, it very much resembles V'Ger. It's looking for its creator, and refers to people as "units". Spock mind-melds with the probe and finds, like V'Ger, it came into contact with another space object from a more technologically advanced society. The two somehow merged into one, and now feels it must exterminate anything that gets in the way of its stated goal. The similarities between "The Changeling" and Star Trek: The Motion Picture are so great, some fans have referred to the latter as Where Nomad Has Gone Before.  The episode was written by John Meredyth Lucas, but Executive Producer Gene Roddenberry was obviously taken with the idea of a machine in search of its creator. He used the idea again in the TV movie The Questor Tapes (though that machine was much more agreeable toward human beings) and now made it the subject of the first feature film. However, "The Changeling" had a much different ending. Temporarily mistaking Kirk for its creator, it decides to help him out by eliminating such inefficiencies as Uhura's memory and a couple of security guards. Needless to say this was help Kirk did not need. The Enterprise captain points out the errors of Nomad's ways to it, and the machine decides to destroy itself, but not before Kirk manages to have it beamed back out into space, where it explodes. As I said in an earlier installment, ending an episode with a bang was the commercial way of solving that week's dilemma in Star Trek's second season. So it's odd, and refreshing, to discover that, even with all the money being spent, the feature film wasn't going to take the easy way out and have V'Ger similarly blown out of the sky. According to the onscreen credits, science-fiction author Alan Dean Foster, who had written a series of books based on the animated series, came up with the story, and a producer by the name of Harold Livingston wrote the teleplay. Note I didn't say screenplay. Originally this was meant to be the pilot for a new TV show, Star Trek: Phase Two. So maybe the promotion to feature filmdom allowed for greater consideration on how to end this thing. In Livingston's words:
 
 "We had a marvelous antagonist, so omnipotent that for us to defeat it or even communicate with it, or have any kind of relationship with it, made the initial concept of the story false. Here's this gigantic machine that's a million years further advanced than we are. Now, how the hell can we possibly deal with this? On what level? As the story developed, everything worked until the very end. How do you resolve this thing? If humans can defeat this marvelous machine, it's really not so great, is it? Or if it really IS great, will we like those humans who do defeat it? SHOULD they defeat it? Who is the story's hero anyway? That was the problem. We experimented with all kinds of approaches...we didn't know what to do with the ending. We always ended up against a blank wall."

NASA to the rescue! The then-director of the agency had mused that mechanical forms of life were someday likely in an interview in Penthouse (a once-popular girlie magazine that in recent years has come close to going under thanks to that mechanical form of life known as the Internet.) And that became the ending to Star Trek: The Motion Picture as Decker, Ilia, and V'Ger become one. And a good ending it is, no matter how many extra minutes it takes to get there.

Though they went to the The Motion Picture in droves, Star Trek fans were divided on its merits, and, judging by the Users Reviews on the IMDb, they remain divided, some comparing it favorably to the TV version, others complaining it bears no resemblance whatsoever. What I think both sides overlook is that the individual episodes of the original series didn't always resemble each other. "Arena", for instance, is very different from "A Piece of the Action", and both were written by the same guy! Whatever its flaws, Star Trek: The Motion Picture deserves another look.

The execs at Paramount, however, had seen enough. Sure, Star Trek: The Motion Picture was a hit, in fact, the fifth biggest hit of 1979. But it had cost so much to make, there was barely enough money left over for those execs to refurbish their hot tubs or build additions onto their mansions. If there was going to be a sequel--and, of course, there was going to be a sequel, after all, it was the fifth biggest hit of 1979--then a change was in order.






Gene Roddenberry never owned the classic series he created. The original proprietor was Lucille Ball, who sold it and the rest of Desilu studios to neighboring Paramount Pictures during Star Trek's second season. After the show went off the air, Roddenberry tried to buy it off them, but the price was too high. Still, when it came time to make a movie, they let him produce the thing. Figured he knew what he was doing. Star Trek, Star Wars, as long as the kids liked it. Now the kids were falling asleep during this expensive piece of psychobabble. That's not what they asked for! Give the public what it needs, bread and circuses (action figure tie-ins would be nice, too.) Actually, Roddenberry was perfectly capable of giving them that. Remember, the artistic first Trek pilot, "The Cage" had been followed by the relatively lowbrow "Where No Man Has Gone Before". Yeah, well, he should have done it that way in the beginning, the execs probably thought. Roddenberry was, in William Shatner's words, "kicked upstairs". For the rest of the movie franchise's decade-long run, he would be "executive consultant", except no one ever consulted him.

Next: Hail the Conquering Hero